How to Resolve the Error Code 0x000000D1: DRIVER_IRQL_NOT_LESS_OR_EQUAL on Windows XP

Encountering the error code 0x000000D1: DRIVER_IRQL_NOT_LESS_OR_EQUAL on Windows XP typically points to an issue with a malfunctioning or outdated device driver. Follow these steps to address this error:

1. Initiate a system reboot: Often, a straightforward reboot can resolve the problem.
2. Update your drivers: Ensure your device drivers are current by visiting the manufacturer's website to download the most recent updates.
3. Revert driver updates: If the error appeared after updating your drivers, consider reverting to the earlier version.
4. Inspect hardware compatibility: Conduct a hardware diagnostic test to identify any potential hardware-related issues.
5. Uninstall recent software: Remove any software installations that preceded the appearance of the error to see if it resolves the issue.
6. Conduct a malware scan: Viruses or malware can trigger this error, so running a comprehensive malware scan is advisable.
7. Test your RAM: A defective RAM module could be the cause. Perform a memory diagnostic to detect any faults.